How Aflatoxins (黄曲霉素) Cause Liver Cancer?
Aflatoxins are a group of toxins produced by certain molds, primarily Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, which grow in soil, decaying vegetation, grains, and nuts. These toxins are known to contaminate food supplies, particularly in warm and humid regions. Aflatoxin exposure is a major health concern because of its potent carcinogenic effects, particularly related to liver cancer.
How Aflatoxins Cause Liver Cancer:
- Liver Damage and Carcinogenesis:
- When aflatoxins are ingested, the liver metabolizes them into reactive compounds, including aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), which is the most toxic.
- Aflatoxin B1 gets converted into a reactive form by enzymes in the liver. This form can bind to DNA, causing mutations in the p53 tumor suppressor gene. This leads to uncontrolled cell growth and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a common form of liver cancer.
- Synergy with Hepatitis:
- The risk of liver cancer is significantly higher when aflatoxin exposure is combined with chronic hepatitis B (HBV) or C (HCV) infection. Aflatoxin-induced DNA damage, coupled with viral infection, accelerates cancer development.
- Foods at Risk:
- Foods like maize (corn), peanuts, tree nuts, and grains are particularly susceptible to aflatoxin contamination, especially in regions where storage practices are poor, leading to mold growth.
Prevention:
- Regulation and Monitoring: Many countries regulate aflatoxin levels in food and animal feed to reduce the risk of contamination.
- Improved Storage: Keeping crops dry and storing them in proper conditions can help prevent aflatoxin-producing molds from growing.
- Detoxification Methods: Some efforts are being made to develop food treatments to detoxify aflatoxins, but these are not widely available.
Long-term exposure to high levels of aflatoxin is strongly associated with liver cancer, particularly in areas with high rates of aflatoxin contamination and hepatitis B infection.
Futures and Options Trading Strategies
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
Crypto Payment
Strike or Paypal Payment
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
Trading is the best business
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
JumpStart Options & Crypto Games with DGM at $1971 USD one time payment solution. DGM Winning Trades.
Alternatively, you can join DGM business affiliate program to earn 50% commission when you sign up a paid customer.
DGM Affiliate Program
Here is an example of what an affiliate URL will look like after you have signed up for your affiliate link:
https://XXXXXX–daily.thrivecart.com/dgm-trading-futures-options-affiliates/
Replace the X’s with your affiliate ID to make a functional link for your trading business. You will get 50% commission from your referrals after 7 days in which they have made their payment through your affiliate link.
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
